The tribology properties of alumina/silica composite nanoparticles as lubricant additives

By D. Jiao, Shaohua Zheng, Yingzi Wang, Ruifang Guan, Bingqiang Cao. 2011

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Dispersion of Nanoparticles in Lubricating Oil: A Critical Review (2019, background): “Nanoparticles modified with silane provide overall better dispersion [16,19,21,40,41] compared with nanoparticles modified with surfactant [10,53,57,67,74,106].”
Tribological performance of nanoparticles as lubricating oil additives (2016, background): “2003), silane coupling agents (Jiao et al. 2011; Luo et al. 2014; Ma et al. 2010; Sui et al. 2015) are also found to be helpful in stable nanolubricant suspensions.”
Mechanical properties of nanoparticles: basics and applications (2014, methodology): “Fullerene [255–257] Similar to dichalcogenide MX2 More effective for low viscosity base oil and high normal loads Silicon nanoparticle SiO2 [258–261], Al2O3/SiO2 composite nanoparticles [262] Bear load, separate tribopair, prevent direct contact, and promote rolling, inhibit the expansion of the mic”
Friction and wear characteristics of TiO2 nano-additive water-based lubricant on ferritic stainless steel (2018, background): “The tribofilm coupled with the rolling effect [9, 18, 44, 45, 56, 70] of nano-TiO2 in the wear track is therefore beneficial to the decrease of COF and wear (both ball and disk), as compared to dry condition.”
A study of the tribological behaviour of TiO2 nano-additive water-based lubricants (2017, background): “This would aggravate the friction and wear, and therefore leads to increase of COF and wear area [21].”