Transfer of Technology to Developing Countries: Unilateral and Multilateral Policy Options

By Bernard M. Hoekman, Keith E. Maskus, Kamal Saggi. 2004

404 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Hoekman, Maskus, and Saggi analyze national and international policy options to encourage the international transfer of technology, distinguishing between four major channels of such transfer: trade in products, trade in knowledge, foreign direct investment, and intra-national and international movement of people. They develop a typology of country types and appropriate policy rules of thumb as a guide to both national policymakers and rule making in the World Trade Organization, as policies should differentiate between countries. The authors also develop some rules of thumb for policy intervention. These include: - Liberal trade policies for all types of countries. - Temporary encouragement of foreign direct investment inflows for low-income countries. - Licensing for technical transformation and adaptive investments by local firms to apply technologies. - Policy options for source economies to encourage international tranfer of technology to poor countries, including fiscal incentives, improvement of flows of public-domain technologies with appropriate subsidies, and price differentiation for exports of intellectual property products. This paper - a product of the Trade Team, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to analyze issues related to the design of special and differential treatment of developing countries in the WTO.

Subfields: Economics and Econometrics, Management of Technology and Innovation, Strategy and Management

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/912d6fe29f15f8d24f586e04e63b6b801877304f

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Citations in the corpus

From lagging to leading? Technological innovation systems in emerging economies and the case of Chinese wind power (2013, background): “This can be done with border tax adjustments, localization quota, or preferential government procurement and private firm contracting (Hoekman et al., 2005; Lewis and Wiser, 2007).”
The role of transnational dimensions in emerging economy 'Technological Innovation Systems' for clean-tech (2015, background): “This institutional focus includes how governments of emerging economies may improve domestic circumstances to attract innovative activity from abroad, as well as how governments of technologically leading countries may stimulate and improve the outward diffusion of clean-tech to developing and emerg”
Invention and Transfer of Climate Change–Mitigation Technologies: A Global Analysis (2011, background): “countries when foreign technology providers face the threat of imitation by local competitors (Maskus, 2000; Smith, 2001; Hoekman et al. 2005; Mancusi, 2008; Parello, 2008).”
Openness and Technological Innovations in Developing Countries: Evidence from Firm-Level Surveys (2006, positive): “These findings are in line with the argument in Hoekman et al. (2005) that, regardless of the level of development, countries with liberalised trade regimes maximise the international transfer of technology and knowledge and that licensing is more important for countries higher up in the technology…”
Invention and Transfer of Climate Change Mitigation Technologies on a Global Scale: A Study Drawing on Patent Data (2010, positive): “countries when foreign technology providers face the threat of imitation by local competitors (Maskus, 2000; Smith, 2001; Hoekman et al. 2005; Mancusi, 2008; Parello, 2008).”