COVID-19: the gendered impacts of the outbreak

By C. Wenham, Julia Smith, Rosemary Morgan, Gender and COVID-19 Working Group. The Lancet, 2020

1,459 citations recorded by the source corpus.

846 www.thelancet.com Vol 395 March 14, 2020 Policies and public health efforts have not addressed the gendered impacts of disease outbreaks. The response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appears no different. We are not aware of any gender analysis of the outbreak by global health institutions or governments in affected countries or in preparedness phases. Recognising the extent to which disease outbreaks affect women and men differently is a fundamental step to understanding the primary and secondary effects of a health emergency on different individuals and communities, and for creating effective, equitable policies and interventions. Although sex-disaggregated data for COVID-19 show equal numbers of cases between men and women so far, there seem to be sex differences in mortality and vulnerability to the disease. Emerging evidence suggests that more men than women are dying, potentially due to sex-based immunological or gendered differences, such as patterns and prevalence of smoking. However, current sex-disaggregated data are incomplete, cautioning against early assumptions. Simultaneously, data from the State Council Information Office in China suggest that more than 90% of health-care workers in Hubei province are women, emphasising the gendered nature of the health workforce and the risk that predominantly female health workers incur. The closure of schools to control COVID-19 transmission in China, Hong Kong, Italy, South Korea, and beyond might have a differential effect on women, who provide most of the informal care within families, with the consequence of limiting their work and economic opportunities. Travel restrictions cause COVID-19: the gendered impacts of the outbreak the intervention, a careful interpretation of the negative findings is needed. Drug development and clinical evaluation of more potent and specific latency reversal agents alone and in combination in people living with HIV receiving ART and finding new approaches to put the kill into the kick and kill regimen are still warranted to determine if this strategy might allow people living with HIV to safely stop ART and achieve a cure.

Subfields: General Health Professions, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9110744c2b55b971017ee813d745f8f2a4cacdc0

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In General Health Professions

1. Michael Quinlan
2. Yoshua Bengio
3. K. Power
4. P. Profeta

Citations in the corpus

• Gender-related differences in the psychological impact of confinement as a consequence of COVID-19 in Spain (2020, background): “and the gendered policy responses in all policy areas are needed (Wenham et al., 2020).”
• The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the care burden of women and families (2020, background): “Like the ILO, they also call for incorporation of the voices of women to be better represented in responses and policies (Wenham, Smith, and Morgan 2020).”
• Gender differences in COVID-19 attitudes and behavior: Panel evidence from eight countries (2020, background): “Because changes in behavior, from reduced mobility to wearing masks, might have to be accepted as the “new normal,” at least for some time (32), differential public messages by gender may be required to increase compliance among men (13).”
• COVI White Paper (2020, background): “Gender dynamics in Canadians’ response to Covid-19 is an issue that is of particular interest in the context of inclusivity [59].”
• COVID-19 and the Digital Transformation of Education: What Are We Learning on 4IR in South Africa? (2020, background): “Wenham [23] found that “there was gender analysis of the outbreak by global health institutions or governments in affected countries”.”
• The COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons on building more equal and sustainable societies (2020, background): “Yet, with the closure of schools in many countries, women have been disproportionately required to combine paid work, unpaid domestic work and home-schooling children (Wenham et al., 2020).”