Open-cellular copper structures fabricated by additive manufacturing using electron beam melting

By D. A. Ramirez, L. Murr, S. J. Li, Yongming Tian, E. Martinez, J. Martínez, B. I. Machado, S. Gaytan, Francisco Medina, Ryan B. Wicker. 2011

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Metal 3D-printed wick structures for heat pipe application: Capillary performance analysis (2018, background): “Recently, 3D-printed wicks have been proposed to fabricate predefined net-shape porous structures such as open-cellular stochastic foams and reticulated meshes [30] and hexagonal lattices [31].”
Additive manufacturing for energy: A review (2020, methodology): “[102] Ramirez D, Murr L, Li S, Tian Y, Martinez E, Martinez J, et al.”
Review of Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing for Metals (2021, methodology): “built reticulated mesh and randomized stochastic foam structures [320] and solid samples [28] via EBM using 99.”
Additive manufacturing of metallic components by selective electron beam melting — a review (2016, methodology): “Cellular structures from 99.8 % Cu containing Cu2O precipitates and residual oxygen as a consequence of the atomisation production process were investigated by Ramirez et al.47 In that contribution periodic as well as stochastic open-cell structures are produced and characterised with respect to the”
3D Printing of Highly Pure Copper (2019, methodology): “67 g/cm3 have been fabricated by EBM, as shown in Figure 17c [26].”
An exploration of binder jetting of copper (2015, background): “Copper components and open-cellular copper structures have been successfully created via Electron Beam Melting (EBM) from atomized copper precursor powders [4–6].”