Worldwide burden of disease from exposure to second-hand smoke: a retrospective analysis of data from 192 countries.
By Mattias Oberg, M. Jaakkola, A. Woodward, A. Peruga, A. Prüss-Ustün. The Lancet, 2011
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BACKGROUND Exposure to second-hand smoke is common in many countries but the magnitude of the problem worldwide is poorly described. We aimed to estimate the worldwide exposure to second-hand smoke and its burden of disease in children and adult non-smokers in 2004. METHODS The burden of disease from second-hand smoke was estimated as deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for children and adult non-smokers. The calculations were based on disease-specific relative risk estimates and area-specific estimates of the proportion of people exposed to second-hand smoke, by comparative risk assessment methods, with data from 192 countries during 2004. FINDINGS Worldwide, 40% of children, 33% of male non-smokers, and 35% of female non-smokers were exposed to second-hand smoke in 2004. This exposure was estimated to have caused 379,000 deaths from ischaemic heart disease, 165,000 from lower respiratory infections, 36,900 from asthma, and 21,400 from lung cancer. 603,000 deaths were attributable to second-hand smoke in 2004, which was about 1·0% of worldwide mortality. 47% of deaths from second-hand smoke occurred in women, 28% in children, and 26% in men. DALYs lost because of exposure to second-hand smoke amounted to 10·9 million, which was about 0·7% of total worldwide burden of diseases in DALYs in 2004. 61% of DALYs were in children. The largest disease burdens were from lower respiratory infections in children younger than 5 years (5,939,000), ischaemic heart disease in adults (2,836,000), and asthma in adults (1,246,000) and children (651,000). INTERPRETATION These estimates of worldwide burden of disease attributable to second-hand smoke suggest that substantial health gains could be made by extending effective public health and clinical interventions to reduce passive smoking worldwide. FUNDING Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare and Bloomberg Philanthropies.
Subfields: Health, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Physiology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8e191700a60147ba7911e0dec52b82d17d814788
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Citations in the corpus
- Global Cancer in Women: Burden and Trends (2017, background): “…risk factors for lung cancer include exposure to secondhand smoke, which is estimated to cause 21,400 lung cancer deaths annually in nonsmokers (120), and indoor air pollution from unventilated combustion of solid fuels (notably coal) for heating and cooking (90, 121, 122), which is most…”
- Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission (2020, neutral): “113 Worldwide, 35% of non-smoking adults and 40% of children are estimated to be exposed to second-hand smoke; 114 although literature on the impact of this exposure and dementia risk is scarce.”