Towards a Re-definition of the Second Based on Optical Atomic Clocks
By Fritz Riehle. 2015
161 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The rapid increase in accuracy and stability of optical atomic clocks compared to the caesium atomic clock as primary standard of time and frequency asks for a future re-definition of the second in the International System of Units (SI). The status of the optical clocks based on either single ions in radio-frequency traps or on neutral atoms stored in an optical lattice is described with special emphasis of the current work at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). Besides the development and operation of different optical clocks with estimated fractional uncertainties in the 10^-18 range, the supporting work on ultra-stable lasers as core elements and the means to compare remote optical clocks via transportable standards, optical fibers, or transportable clocks is reported. Finally, the conditions, methods and next steps are discussed that are the prerequisites for a future re-definition of the second.
Subfields: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Surgery
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8de3b46f02062b290fe91e1e93b830cba79b237f
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In Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
In Surgery
Citations in the corpus
- Frequency ratio of Yb and Sr clocks with 5 × 10−17 uncertainty at 150 seconds averaging time (2016, methodology): “. Taking into account atomic hyperpolarizability23 and multipolar effects, the light shifts are modelled based on ref. 24 (see Methods and Supplementary Fig. 2 for details). We find ν E1 = 394,798,265(9) MHz for the E1-magic frequency, where the electric dipole polarizabilities of ground and excited”