Seasonal variations in concentrations of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in drinking water and reclaimed wastewater in southern California.
By G. Loraine, M. Pettigrove. Environmental Science and Technology, 2006
623 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Southern California imports nearly all of its potable water from two sources: the Colorado River and the California State Water Project (Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin). Sewage treatment plant effluent (STPE) heavily impacts both of these sources. A survey of raw and treated drinking water from four water filtration plants in San Diego County showed the occurrence of several polar organic "pharmaceuticals and personal care products" (PPCP). These included phthalate esters, sunscreens, clofibrate, clofribric acid, ibuprofen, triclosan, and DEET. Several of these were also found in the finished water, such as di(ethylhexyl) phthalate, benzophenone, ibuprofen, and triclosan. Occurrence and concentrations of these compounds were highly seasonally dependent, and reached maximums when the flow of the San Joaquin River was low and the quantity of imported water was high. The maximum concentrations of the PPCPs measured in the raw water were correlated with low flow conditions in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta that feeds the State Water Project. The PPCP concentrations in raw imported water in the summer months approached that of reclaimed nonpotable wastewater.
Subfields: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Pollution
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8d90f5c7186a63d3ecbaaeb36fba512acfcb293b
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Citations in the corpus
- Triclosan: environmental exposure, toxicity and mechanisms of action (2011, background): “Low but detectable levels of TCS have been reported in drinking water (Loraine and Pettigrove, 2006; Servos et al. 2007).”
- The presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment due to human use--present knowledge and future challenges. (2009, background): “Seasonal variations have been studied in sewage and reclaimed wastewater, as well as in finished water (Loraine and Pettigrove, 2006; Alexy et al., 2006).”
- Efficiency of conventional drinking-water-treatment processes in removal of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds. (2007, background): “Exceptions include documentation of low-level concentrations of OCs in plant-scale studies of drinkingwater supplies (Loraine and Pettigrove, 2006; Petrovic et al., 2003; Adams et al., 2002; Ternes et al., 2002; Reddersen et al., 2002; Heberer and Stan, 1997) and evaluation of their fate in…”
- State of the world's freshwater ecosystems: physical, chemical, and biological changes. (2011, background): “Pharmaceuticals and personalcare products are found in surface waters at concentrations that may affect freshwater organisms (105, 106), whereas health risks to humans are plausible but poorly understood (107).”