Phase-sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometer Assisted by First-order Raman Amplification for Distributed Vibration Sensing Over >100 km
By H. Martins, S. Martín-López, P. Corredera, M. Filograno, O. Frazão, M. González-Herráez. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2014
135 citations recorded by the source corpus.
In this study, the authors present an experimental and theoretical description of the use of first order Raman amplification to improve the performance of a Phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (φOTDR) when used for vibration measurements over very long distances. A special emphasis is given to the noise which is carefully characterized and minimized along the setup. A semiconductor optical amplifier and an optical switch are used to greatly decrease the intra-band coherent noise of the setup and balanced detection is used to minimize the effects of RIN transferred from the Raman pumps. The sensor was able to detect vibrations of up to 250 Hz (close to the limits set by the time of flight of light pulses) with a resolution of 10 m in a range of 125 km. To achieve the above performance, no post-processing was required in the φOTDR signal. The evolution of the φOTDR signal along the fiber is also shown to have a good agreement with the theoretical model.
Subfields: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8cb4ed25ce9f134cefe34537e10bad7903eed682
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Citations in the corpus
- Optical Fiber Distributed Acoustic Sensors: A Review (2021, unknown): “Distributed amplification technology like Raman amplification can be adopted to compensate the attenuation of the fiber, and thus achieves long sensing distance [4].”
- The Development of an $\Phi $ -OTDR System for Quantitative Vibration Measurement (2015, background): “Distributed vibration location has been achieved in reported -OTDR systems by monitoring the amplitude changes of backscattered light (amplitude-measuring) [4]–[9].”