With malice toward none and charity for some: ingroup favoritism enables discrimination.

By A. Greenwald, T. Pettigrew. 2014

327 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Gender Studies, Sociology and Political Science, Social Sciences & Humanities

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Citations in the corpus

Racial bias in pain assessment and treatment recommendations, and false beliefs about biological differences between blacks and whites (2016, result): “Although perhaps counterintuitive, this pattern of results is consistent with research on intergroup bias demonstrating that discrimination often occurs due to ingroup favoritism rather than outgroup hostility (43).”
Ingroup favoritism in cooperation: a meta-analysis. (2014, background): “For example, subtle forms of racism are the result of the absence of positive sentiments toward outgroups, compared to the presence of negative sentiments (Dovidio & Gaertner, 2010; Greenwald & Pettigrew, 2014).”
A quarter century of system justification theory: Questions, answers, criticisms, and societal applications (2018, background): “He may also have anticipated that the song would provoke the kind of system-justifying backlash expressed by Haidt (2012): ‘It’s a vision of heaven for liberals, but conservatives believe it would quickly descend into hell. I think conservatives are on to something’ (p. 311). Jost et al. (2017a) exp”
Included but Invisible? Subtle Bias, Common Identity, and the Darker Side of “We” (2016, background): “In addition, in some instances aversive racism can reflect the expression of more positive feelings toward Blacks than toward whites (Gaertner et al., 1997; Greenwald & Pettigrew, 2014).”
Consequences of attributing discrimination to implicit vs. explicit bias (2019, background): “Given that a great deal of discrimination is rooted in implicit forms of bias (Greenwald & Pettigrew, 2014), the small, but reliable, reduced accountability effect found here could be highly consequential.”
Why Are Some STEM Fields More Gender Balanced Than Others? (2017, unknown): “Gender discrimination occurs when individuals are treated differently on the basis of their gender, 8 regardless of whether this treatment results from hostile intent (Greenwald & Pettigrew, 2014).”
The person-based nature of prejudice: Individual difference predictors of intergroup negativity (2015, background): “Disgust sensitivity is thus theoretically relevant given that intergroup biases are characterised not only by outgroup dislike but particularly by pro-ingroup biases (Greenwald & Pettigrew, 2014).”