Randomized Differential Testing as a Prelude to Formal Verification

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DeepXplore: Automated Whitebox Testing of Deep Learning Systems (2017, methodology): “Differential testing has been widely used for successfully testing various types of traditional software including JVMs [14], C compilers [45, 86], SSL/TLS certification validation logic [11, 15, 56, 67], PDF viewers [56], space flight software [28], mobile applications [36], and Web application fir”
SFADiff: Automated Evasion Attacks and Fingerprinting Using Black-box Differential Automata Learning (2016, methodology): “Di↵erential testing has been used successfully for testing a diverse set of systems including C compilers [32], Java virtual machine implementations [11], SSL/TLS implementations [8], mobile applications for privacy leaks [20], PDF malware detectors [31], and space flight software [18].”
Coverage-directed differential testing of JVM implementations (2016, background): “Differential testing [18, 27] can be a promising approach to revealing defects in JVMs by comparing multiple systems.”
Guided differential testing of certificate validation in SSL/TLS implementations (2015, background): “Differential testing is a mature testing technology for large software systems [30, 35]: a test case is randomly generated, and output is compared for a variety of systems.”