Epidemiology of hip fracture: Worldwide geographic variation

By D. Dhanwal, Elaine Dennison, Nicholas C. Harvey, Chris Cooper. Indian Journal of Orthopaedics, 2011

648 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Osteoporosis is a major health problem, especially in elderly populations, and is associated with fragility fractures at the hip, spine, and wrist. Hip fracture contributes to both morbidity and mortality in the elderly. The demographics of world populations are set to change, with more elderly living in developing countries, and it has been estimated that by 2050 half of hip fractures will occur in Asia. This review conducted using the PubMed database describes the incidence of hip fracture in different regions of the world and discusses the possible causes of this wide geographic variation. The analysis of data from different studies show a wide geographic variation across the world, with higher hip fracture incidence reported from industrialized countries as compared to developing countries. The highest hip fracture rates are seen in North Europe and the US and lowest in Latin America and Africa. Asian countries such as Kuwait, Iran, China, and Hong Kong show intermediate hip fracture rates. There is also a north–south gradient seen in European studies, and more fractures are seen in the north of the US than in the south. The factors responsible of this variation are population demographics (with more elderly living in countries with higher incidence rates) and the influence of ethnicity, latitude, and environmental factors. The understanding of this changing geographic variation will help policy makers to develop strategies to reduce the burden of hip fractures in developing countries such as India, which will face the brunt of this problem over the coming decades.

Subfields: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Surgery

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8bd59b904001922d12b45c2a35091860e65ac9c4

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In Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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Citations in the corpus

A critical review of the long-term disability outcomes following hip fracture (2016, background): “However while the age specific incidence is decreasing in a number of countries, population ageing in higher income countries is driving increases in the prevalence of hip fracture [7].”
A systematic review of hip fracture incidence and probability of fracture worldwide (2012, background): “These findings confirm conclusions derived from earlier work [5–10, 31] but extend the information base considerably.”