Effect of Alkali Cations on Aluminum Incorporation in Geopolymeric Gels

By P. Duxson, G. C. Lukey, and F. Separovic, J. V. Deventer. 2005

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Ambient Temperature Drying Shrinkage and Cracking in Metakaolin-Based Geopolymers (2012, background): “15 caused (2)H MAS NMR spectra to broaden progressively, possibly indicating that the contents of “structural” water increase with increasing Si:Al ratio [43].”
Influence of aggregate content on the behavior of fly ash based geopolymer concrete (2012, background): “This behavior is mainly due to the fact that concentration of NaOH solution used for geopolymer synthesis has a positive influence on dissolution, hydrolysis and condensation reactions but excess alkali concentration hinders the condensation of the silicate species [31–33].”
Mix design factors and strength prediction of metakaolin-based geopolymer (2017, background): “The porosity in geopolymers is determined by solution chemistry during geopolymerization, which is primarily a function of Si/Al ratio and alkali metal cation type, while the absolute pore volume is determined by nominal water content [27,51,52].”
Critical review on fly‐ash based geopolymer concrete (2019, background): “Weng and Sagoe-Crentsil,67 Duxson et al.68 and Sagoe-Crentsil and Weng66 concluded that the NaOH concentration has progressive impact on hydrolysis, dissolution and condensation reactions during the geopolymer synthesis but at the same time the condensation process of silicate species deters due to ”