Factors affecting the performance of metakaolin geopolymers exposed to elevated temperatures

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Durability of alkali-activated binders: A clear advantage over Portland cement or an unproven issue? (2012, background): “[54] studied alkali-activated metakaolin binders observing that the residual strength after a thermal phase up to 800 C is influenced by the Si/Al ratio.”
Fire Resistance Behaviour of Geopolymer Concrete: An Overview (2021, background): “The strength impacting mechanisms at high-ceilinged temperatures have been investigated in the context of effects of pore pressure as well as phase-transformations [42,44,65].”
Mechanical properties of sodium and potassium activated metakaolin-based geopolymers (2012, background): “The most common metal cations used as activating solutions are Na and K [27-29, 41, 43-46].”
Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Geopolymers Exposed to High Temperature: A Literature Review (2020, background): “[23] reported that the compressive strength of MK geopolymers decreased by 27∼51% for Si/Al≤ 1.”