Utilization of copper slag in cement and concrete

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Effects of copper slag and recycled concrete aggregate on the properties of CIR mixes with bitumen emulsion, rice husk ash, Portland cement and fly ash (2015, background): “Physical properties of copper slag [15].”
Copper Metallurgical Slags – Current Knowledge and Fate: A Review (2015, methodology): “…the objective of studies considering the possibility of their application for civil engineering purposes (Shi and Qian, 2000; Al-Jabri et al., 2006; Moura et al., 2007; Shi et al., 2008; Al-Jabri et al., 2009; Najimi et al., 2011; Al-Jabri et al., 2011) or even land reclamation (Lim and Chu, 2006).”
The potential for copper slag waste as a resource for a circular economy: A review – Part I (2021, unknown): “The replacement of iron powder with copper slag was found to reduce or eliminate the need for mineraliser (Shi et al., 2008).”
Value added utilization of by-product electric furnace ferronickel slag as construction materials: A review (2018, methodology): “Besides, copper slag, sugarcane bagasse ash, ladle furnace slag, basic oxygen furnace slag can improve the strength and durability of concrete due to the presence of high amorphous silica and low free lime or magnesia (Loh et al., 2013; Shi et al., 2008; Rodriguez et al., 2009; Carvalho et al., 2017”