The status of 4th generation district heating: Research and results
By Henrik Lund, P. A. Østergaard, Miguel Chang, Sven Werner, S. Svendsen, P. Sorknæs, J. E. Thorsen, Frede Hvelplund, Bent Ole Gram Mortensen, Brian Vad Mathiesen and 4 more. Energy, 2018
556 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract This review article presents a description of contemporary developments and findings related to the different elements needed in future 4th generation district heating systems (4GDH). Unlike the first three generations of district heating, the development of 4GDH involves meeting the challenge of more energy efficient buildings as well as the integration of district heating into a future smart energy system based on renewable energy sources. Following a review of recent 4GDH research, the article quantifies the costs and benefits of 4GDH in future sustainable energy systems. Costs involve an upgrade of heating systems and of the operation of the distribution grids, while benefits are lower grid losses, a better utilization of low-temperature heat sources and improved efficiency in the production compared to previous district heating systems. It is quantified how benefits exceed costs by a safe margin with the benefits of systems integration being the most important.
Subfields: Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/86edb8fc8ec2d1fa2089756f23c3e083554e9fc0
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In Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Christian Breyer
- Brian Vad Mathiesen
- D. Bogdanov
- Henrik Lund
- A. Aghahosseini
- Marta Victoria
- M. Ram
- Ayobami Solomon Oyewo
In Energy Engineering and Power Technology
- Christian Breyer
- Brian Vad Mathiesen
- Henrik Lund
- Mark Z. Jacobson
- D. Bogdanov
- Marta Victoria
- A. Aghahosseini
- Ayobami Solomon Oyewo
In Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
- Christian Breyer
- Brian Vad Mathiesen
- Benjamin Sovacool
- Marta Victoria
- Henrik Lund
- Mark Z. Jacobson
- D. Bogdanov
- Graham M. Turner
Citations in the corpus
- On the History and Future of 100% Renewable Energy Systems Research (2022, background): “ation [36], [424] expands the utility of district heating as it improves the efficiency of heat generation while lowering grid losses.”