Dysbiosis in the Gut Microbiota of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis, with a Striking Depletion of Species Belonging to Clostridia XIVa and IV Clusters
By S. Miyake, Sangwan Kim, W. Suda, K. Oshima, Masakazu Nakamura, T. Matsuoka, N. Chihara, A. Tomita, W. Sato, Seok-Won Kim and 3 more. PLoS ONE, 2015
722 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease affecting the brain and spinal cord, remains poorly understood. Patients with MS typically present with recurrent episodes of neurological dysfunctions such as blindness, paresis, and sensory disturbances. Studies on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal models have led to a number of testable hypotheses including a hypothetical role of altered gut microbiota in the development of MS. To investigate whether gut microbiota in patients with MS is altered, we compared the gut microbiota of 20 Japanese patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) MS (MS20) with that of 40 healthy Japanese subjects (HC40) and an additional 18 healthy subjects (HC18). All the HC18 subjects repeatedly provided fecal samples over the course of months (158 samples in total). Analysis of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene by using a high-throughput culture-independent pyrosequencing method provided evidence of a moderate dysbiosis in the structure of gut microbiota in patients with MS. Furthermore, we found 21 species that showed significant differences in relative abundance between the MS20 and HC40 samples. On comparing MS samples to the 158 longitudinal HC18 samples, the differences were found to be reproducibly significant for most of the species. These taxa comprised primarily of clostridial species belonging to Clostridia clusters XIVa and IV and Bacteroidetes. The phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that none of the clostridial species that were significantly reduced in the gut microbiota of patients with MS overlapped with other spore-forming clostridial species capable of inducing colonic regulatory T cells (Treg), which prevent autoimmunity and allergies; this suggests that many of the clostridial species associated with MS might be distinct from those broadly associated with autoimmune conditions. Correcting the dysbiosis and altered gut microbiota might deserve consideration as a potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of MS.
Subfields: Biological Psychiatry, Infectious Diseases, Molecular Biology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/86128aa672806801e14b1666b4a7e22b0aaa7ccf
How researchers see this paper
The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.
In Molecular Biology
Citations in the corpus
- The Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer’s Disease (2017, neutral): “…disease (for review, see [15, 16]), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [17, 18], obesity (for review, see [19, 20]), cardiovascular disease events [21, 22], autism [23, 24] (for review,see[24]),depression(forreview,see[25,26]), Parkinson’sdisease[27–29](forreview,see[28]), andmultiplesclerosis[30,31].”
- Gut microbiota from multiple sclerosis patients enables spontaneous autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice (2017, background): “A recent study using pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene in 20 Japanese patients with RR MS detected associations with Clostridium and Bacteroidetes species (26).”