A critique of Emanuel's hurricane model and potential intensity theory

By Roger K. Smith, M. Montgomery, Stefanie Vogl. 2008

137 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/848cef46cec082a7f09ce5353c308da8a2032827

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Citations in the corpus

Effects of Surface Exchange Coefficients and Turbulence Length Scales on the Intensity and Structure of Numerically Simulated Hurricanes (2012, result): “1) at the location of Vmax, which is consistent with previous studies (e.g., Rott and Lewellen 1966; Kuo 1971; Kepert 2001; Kepert and Wang 2001; Zhang et al. 2001; Smith et al. 2008).”
Influence of Tropical Tropopause Layer Cooling on Atlantic Hurricane Activity (2013, methodology): “In the following, we examine in detail 1 The validity of (4) has been challenged by Smith et al. (2008) and examined by others (e.g., Bryan and Rotunno 2009), but an alternative formulation has not been proposed.”
Self-Stratification of Tropical Cyclone Outflow. Part I: Implications for Storm Structure (2011, background): “2 Note that we have not at this point assumed anything about gradient wind balance in the boundary layer, contrary to the assertion of Smith et al. (2008). 3 Formally, the surface enthalpy flux divided by the surface temperature.”
Sensitivity of tropical‐cyclone models to the surface drag coefficient in different boundary‐layer schemes (2014, methodology): “The intrinsically unbalanced dynamics of the boundary layer emphasized here is not a feature of Emanuel’s theory (Smith et al., 2008; Smith and Montgomery, 2008).”
Clouds in Tropical Cyclones (2010, background): “The maximum wind in the vortex, located in the eyewall region, becomes supergradient, which requires the eyewall to ingest low-level high-ue air into the base of the eyewall cloud (Smith et al. 2008).”
Tropical cyclogenesis in a tropical wave critical layer: easterly waves (2008, background): “Leaving aside frontier matters concerning the formulation and accuracy of current PI theory (Emanuel, 2005; Montgomery et al., 2006a; Smith et al., 2008) actual hurricane intensities form a continuous probability distribution function (PDF) bounded above by a limiting intensity.”
Recent Developments in the Fluid Dynamics of Tropical Cyclones (2017, unknown): “Important limitations of Emanuel’s (1986) theory include its neglect of unbalanced dynamics in the frictional boundary layer (Smith et al. 2008) and above the boundary layer (Bryan & Rotunno 2009b).”
The Roles of an Expanding Wind Field and Inertial Stability in Tropical Cyclone Secondary Eyewall Formation (2012, result): “Consistent with the studies of Smith et al. (2008, 2009) and Smith and Montgomery (2010), HMW12 suggest that an expanding wind field in and above the boundary layer leads to increased boundary layer inflow due to an inward pressure gradient force that exceeds the counteracting but frictionally…”
A new paradigm for intensity modification of tropical cyclones: Thermodynamic impact of vertical wind shear on the inflow layer (2009, background): “, 2008) and the underlying dynamical assumptions (Smith et al., 2008) of this theory.”
Multiscale Structure and Evolution of Hurricane Earl (2010) during Rapid Intensification (2015, background): “Furthermore, boundary layer theories for a well-developed steady-state TC involving no interaction with eyewall heating (e.g., Kepert 2001; Kepert and Wang 2001; Smith et al. 2008) indicate that boundary layer convergence tends to reach a maximum around the RMW, with the exact radial location depend”
Tropical cyclone spin‐up revisited (2009, methodology): “(See also Emanuel, 1995; Bister and Emanuel, 1998; Emanuel, 2003) Recently, Smith et al. (2008) showed that a major deficiency of Emanuel’s potential intensity theory is the tacit assumption of gradient wind balance in the boundary layer†, a shallow layer in which inflow arises largely because of gr”
Air-Sea Enthalpy and Momentum Exchange at Major Hurricane Wind Speeds Observed during CBLAST (2012, unknown): “Mixed layer depths and inflow heights are similar in the eyewall (Montgomery et al. 2006), but the TCBL may have different turbulence heights in the main updraft region compared with Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/11/23 01:12 AM UTC the inflow region outside the eyewall (Smith et al. 2008).”