Which Immigrants Are Most Innovative and Entrepreneurial? Distinctions by Entry Visa

By J. Hunt. Journal of Labor Economics, 2011

370 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Using the 2003 National Survey of College Graduates, I examine how immigrants perform in activities likely to increase U.S. productivity, according to the type of visa on which they first entered the United States. Immigrants who entered on a student/trainee visa or a temporary work visa have a large advantage over natives in wages, patenting, and publishing. Much of the advantage is explained by immigrants' higher education and field of study. Immigrants who entered with legal permanent residence do not outperform natives for any of the outcomes considered. Immigrants are more likely to start companies than similar natives.

Subfields: Economics and Econometrics, Sociology and Political Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/830e5fe39dc8d68ee556da88c15db0403e514fbc

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Citations in the corpus

The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying (2014, background): “…Lowell and Christian (2000), Lowell (2000, 2001), Stephan and Levin (2001), Matloff (2003), Zavodny (2003), Borjas (2006), Hanson, Scheve, and Slaughter (2009), Hunt and Gauthier-Loiselle (2010), Hunt (2011), Oreopoulos (2011), Peri (2011), Kato and Sparber (2013), and Foley and Kerr (2013).”
Openness and income: The roles of trade and migration (2014, background): “Important contributions to this literature are Kerr and Lincoln (2010), Gauthier-Loiselle and Hunt (2010) and Hunt (2011).”
Driving Forces of Technological Change: The Relation between Population Growth and Technological Innovation-Analysis of the Optimal Interaction Across Countries (2014, background): “31ff; [30,31,36]).”
Immigrant entrepreneurship in America: Evidence from the survey of business owners 2007 & 2012 (2020, neutral): “For example, (Hunt, 2011; Hunt and Gauthier-Loiselle, 2010; Kerr et al., 2015a; 2015b; Kerr, 2010; Kerr and Lincoln 2010; Lofstrom 2011; Peri et al., 2015), and Breschi et al. (2017).”
High-Tech Immigrant Entrepreneurship in the United States (2011, background): “A recent study by Hunt (2009) finds that among college graduates, immigrants are more likely than natives to have founded companies employing more than 10 people between 1998 and 2003, once level and field of education are controlled for.”
Why do Women Leave Science and Engineering? (2010, neutral): “Women’s underrepresentation in engineering may be more significant for innovation and growth than their underrepresentation in science. hunt (2011) found that most of the gender patenting gap is among holders of science and engineering degrees and that this group’s gap is attributable in large part…”
Immigration and Innovation in European Regions (2011, background): “City economies are complex, efficient, dynamic, and made up of myriad interacting small enterprises.”
Same difference? Minority ethnic inventors, diversity and innovation in the UK (2015, background): “However, Hunt (2011) and Hunt and Gauthier-Loiselle (2010) find that individual ‘migrant effects’ are largely or wholly explained by education and industry hiring patterns.”
Economic Impacts of Immigration: A Survey (2011, background): “22 For example, Peri (2007b), Kerr and Lincoln (2010), and Hunt and Gauthier-Loiselle (2010).”
Skilled Immigration and Innovation: Evidence from Enrolment Fluctuations in us Doctoral Programmes (2012, positive): “Hunt (2011) shows that immigrants entering on student visas outperform natives in wages, patenting and publishing.”
The Supply Side of Innovation: H‐1B Visa Reforms and U.S. Ethnic Invention (2010, background): “This comparability is particularly emphasized by Hunt (2009).”
Skilled Immigration and the Employment Structures of US Firms (2014, neutral): “[33] Hunt, Jennifer, "Which Immigrants are Most Innovative and Entrepreneurial? Distinctions by Entry Visa", Journal of Labor Economics 29:3 (2011), 417-457.”
Immigration and the Economy of Cities and Regions (2014, background): “Immigration may also affect productivity through prices (Lach 2007; Cortes 2008), product diversity (Mazzolari and Neumark 2012; Di Giovanni, Levchenko, and Ortega 2013), innovation (Kerr and Lincoln 2010; Hunt and Gauthier-Loiselle 2010) or entrepreneurship (Hunt 2011).”