The Ties That Double Bind: Social Roles and Women's Underrepresentation in Politics
By D. Teele, Joshua L. Kalla, F. Rosenbluth. American Political Science Review, 2018
273 citations recorded by the source corpus.
This paper theorizes three forms of bias that might limit women's representation: outright hostility, double standards, and a double bind whereby desired traits present bigger burdens for women than men. We examine these forms of bias using conjoint experiments derived from several original surveys—a population survey of American voters and two rounds of surveys of American public officials. We find no evidence of outright discrimination or of double standards. All else equal, most groups of respondents prefer female candidates, and evaluate men and women with identical profiles similarly. But on closer inspection, all is not equal. Across the board, elites and voters prefer candidates with traditional household profiles such as being married and having children, resulting in a double bind for many women. So long as social expectations about women's familial commitments cut against the demands of a full-time political career, women are likely to remain underrepresented in politics.
Subfields: Gender Studies, Political Science and International Relations
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/82d3ecab116bfd7a4c93d89529743dadd24480b2
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Citations in the corpus
- What Have We Learned about Gender from Candidate Choice Experiments? A Meta-Analysis of Sixty-Seven Factorial Survey Experiments (2021, background): “Therefore, in line with Teele et al. (2018), our fi ndings do not support the hypothesis that voters systematically apply double standards when they evaluate women candidates.”
- Improving the External Validity of Conjoint Analysis: The Essential Role of Profile Distribution (2021, unknown): “Examples of such profiles include political candidates (e.g., Teele, Kalla, and Rosenbluth, 2018), immigrants (e.g., Hainmueller and Hopkins, 2015), and public policies (e.g., Ballard-Rosa, Martin, and Scheve, 2017).”