On a Test Whether Two Samples are from the Same Population

By A. Wald, J. Wolfowitz. 1940

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

Citations in the corpus

Adaptivity and Computation-Statistics Tradeoffs for Kernel and Distance based High Dimensional Two Sample Testing (2015, methodology): “Some other examples of univariate tests include rank based tests as covered by the book Lehmann and D’Abrera [2006] and the runs test by Wald and Wolfowitz [1940], while some interesting multivariate tests include spanning tree methods by Friedman and Rafsky [1979], nearest-neighbor based tests by…”
Binomial thinning models for integer time series (2006, background): “Letting R denote the number of runs, a suitable test statistic is Z = R − 1 − (2 T1(T − T1))/T[ 2T1(T − T1)[2T1(T − T1) − T]/T2(T − 1) ]1/2 Wald and Wolfowitz (1940) show that Z d−→ N(0, 1) under the null hypothesis of independence of the observable series of counts.”
Physiological determinants of maize and sunflower grain yield as affected by nitrogen supply (2009, methodology): “Wald’s test (Wald and Wolfowitz, 1940) indicated that RUEasym (i.”
Identifying and Handling Mislabelled Instances (2004, background): “We may observe that I generalizes the test of runs in 2 dimensions and k groups (Mood, 1940; Wald and Wolfowitz, 1940).”
On boosting the power of Chatterjee’s rank correlation (2021, background): “…Dette–Siburg–Stoimenov’s correlation measure ξ, and thus intuitively will suffer from similar efficiency loss as other 1-NN-based estimators in various applications (Wald and Wolfowitz, 1940; Friedman and Rafsky, 1979; Henze, 1988; Liu and Singh, 1993; Henze and Penrose, 1999; Bhattacharya, 2019).”
Estimation of ergodic agent-based models by simulated minimum distance (2015, methodology): “Nonparametric tests for stationarity and ergodicity of the time series produced by an AB model are proposed in Grazzini (2012); they rest on an application of the Wald-Wolfowitz runs test for testing whether two samples come from the same population (Wald and Wolfowitz, 1940).”
1SXPS: A DEEP SWIFT X-RAY TELESCOPE POINT SOURCE CATALOG WITH LIGHT CURVES AND SPECTRA (2013, methodology): “We also tried using the Wald-Wolfowitz runs test (Wald & Wolfowitz 1940) as an independent measure of variability, however this lacked the power to identify variable sources in our catalog, probably because many light curves have small numbers of bins.”
Spatial variation in the fine-structure constant – new results from VLT/UVES (2012, background): “Although statistically improbable runs of residuals can be detected through formal tests (Wald & Wolfowitz 1940), in practice this is not necessary.”
Normal Approximations to the Distributions of the Wilcoxon Statistics: Accurate to What N? Graphical Insights (2010, methodology): “Most of the distribution-free methods employed nowadays were developed in the first half of the 20th Century; they include, among many others, permutation tests by Fisher (1935), run tests by Wald and Wolfowitz (1940), and the Wilcoxon (1945) statistics.”
On Wasserstein Two-Sample Testing and Related Families of Nonparametric Tests (2015, unknown): “Some examples of tests quite different from the ones studied here include rank based tests as covered by the excellent book [13], and graphical tests that include spanning tree methods by [14] (generalizing the runs test by [15]), nearest-neighbor based tests by [16,17], and the cross-match tests by”
On a Test of Whether one of Two Random Variables is Stochastically Larger than the Other (1947, background): “Since the probability of the ith 1 preceding the jth 0 is 4, we have (2) En,m(U) = nm/2.”
Multivariate Rank-Based Distribution-Free Nonparametric Testing Using Measure Transportation (2019, unknown): “, two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test [137], Wilcoxon signed-rank test [153], Wald-Wolfowitz runs test [150], Mann-Whitney rank-sum test [93], Kruskal-Wallis test [85], Hoeffding’s D-test [69], etc.”
On Azadkia–Chatterjee’s conditional dependence coefficient (2021, methodology): “…line with similar observations made earlier for related problems such as two-sample goodness-of-fit tests, where Friedman and Rafsky (1979) extended Wald and Wolfowitz (1940)’s rank-based run test to multivariate spaces via minimum spanning trees; see, also, Henze (1988), Liu and Singh (1993),…”