A Larval Sea Spider (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) from the Upper Cambrian ‘orsten’ of Sweden, and the Phylogenetic Position of Pycnogonids

By D. Waloszek, J. Dunlop. 2002

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Horseshoe Crabs – An Ancient Ancestry Revealed (2009, background): “Cambrian representatives of the Pycnogonida (sea spiders), sister group to the Euchelicerata (Siveter et al. 2004), have now been described ( Waloszek and Dunlop 2002 ), but to date no fossil arthropod possessing a suite of unequivocal euchelicerate crowngroup characters has been found in rocks of C”
The ontogeny of trilobite segmentation: a comparative approach (2006, background): “Anamorphic addition of a small number of segments likely occurred in fossil, as in living, pycnogonids (Müller and Walossek 1986; Waloszek and Dunlop 2002), a group whose taxonomic placement as basal arthropods or basal chelicerates is currently debated (Dunlop and Arango 2005; Maxmen et al. 2005).”
FOSSIL CALIBRATIONS FOR THE ARTHROPOD TREE OF LIFE (2016, background): “Discussion Although H. dasos is the oldest assignable crown group pycnogonid, there is an older fossil, Cambropycnogon klausmuelleri Waloszek and Dunlop, 2002, from the Cambrian Orsten biota (minimally 497 Ma).”
Functional morphology, ontogeny and evolution of mantis shrimp‐like predators in the Cambrian (2012, background): “…‘Orsten’-type of preservation (many crustacean taxa and close relatives of them, but also chelicerates and stem arthropods; e.g. Müller and Walossek 1986, 1987, 1988; Walossek 1993; Waloszek and Dunlop 2002; Maas et al. 2003; Zhang et al. 2007; Haug et al. 2009b, 2010a, b; Castellani et al. 2011).”