An overview of tissue and whole organ decellularization processes

By Peter M. Crapo, T. Gilbert, S. Badylak. Biomaterials, 2011

3,339 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Biologic scaffold materials composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) are typically derived by processes that involve decellularization of tissues or organs. Preservation of the complex composition and three-dimensional ultrastructure of the ECM is highly desirable but it is recognized that all methods of decellularization result in disruption of the architecture and potential loss of surface structure and composition. Physical methods and chemical and biologic agents are used in combination to lyse cells, followed by rinsing to remove cell remnants. Effective decellularization methodology is dictated by factors such as tissue density and organization, geometric and biologic properties desired for the end product, and the targeted clinical application. Tissue decellularization with preservation of ECM integrity and bioactivity can be optimized by making educated decisions regarding the agents and techniques utilized during processing. An overview of decellularization methods, their effect upon resulting ECM structure and composition, and recently described perfusion techniques for whole organ decellularization techniques are presented herein.

Subfields: Biomaterials, Biomedical Engineering, Surgery

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/81d81b98ff09f02693afea518d3976a091f98581

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Citations in the corpus

The Tissue-Engineered Vascular Graft—Past, Present, and Future (2015, background): “Decellularization may involve a variety of chemical agents, such as acids and bases, hypo/hypertonic solutions, detergents and solvents; biological agents, such as enzymes and chelating agents; and physical methods, such as agitation, pressure, and abrasion.(123) Preservation of the ECM is intended ”
Decellularization Strategies for Regenerative Medicine: From Processing Techniques to Applications (2017, background): “In terms of eliminating geneticmaterials, Crapo and colleagues have suggested that the decellularized ECM should contain less than 50 ng dsDNApermgECMandDNA fragment lengths less than 200 bp [44].”
Cell-based tissue engineering strategies used in the clinical repair of articular cartilage (2016, background): “Harvested xenogeneic tissue is treated with solvents, detergents, salts, acids, bases, and enzymes to yield a largely collagenous scaffold with minimal antigens [199].”
Overview of natural hydrogels for regenerative medicine applications (2019, background): “Equally important are the removal of cell remnants and chemical treatment trace in order to avoid a possible host immunological response [72].”
Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels from Decellularized Tissues: Structure and Function (2016, positive): “It is important to achieve sufficient cell removal from source tissues [35, 36] while maintaining ECM composition and ultrastructure.”
Emerging trends and new developments in regenerative medicine: a scientometric update (2000 – 2014) (2014, background): “2011 An overview of tissue and whole organ decellularization processes BIOMATERIALS [72]”