Cohort effects and deer population dynamics

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POPULATION DENSITY AND FOOD CONDITIONS DETERMINE ADULT FEMALE BODY SIZE IN BROWN BEARS (2006, background): “Cohort effects lasting to adulthood have been found in several life-history traits among different ungulates (Gaillard et al. 2003 [for a review in deer]; Solberg et al. 2004; Toı̈go et al. 1999).”
Age-specific variation in survival, reproductive success and offspring quality in red squirrels: evidence of senescence (2008, background): “…species usually highly polygynous and sexually dimorphic in size, large males have high energy expenditures during the mating period, do not eat during the rut period, and may therefore be subject to greater mortality, especially when environmental conditions deteriorate (Toı̈go and Gaillard 2003).”
Investigating population dynamics in ungulates: Do hunting statistics make up a good index of population abundance? (2010, background): “The presence of wild ungulates in Mediterranean ecosystems is in fact quite limited, so that there are few possibilities to study the population dynamics of these communities (but see Gaillard et al. 2003, Toı̈go et al. 2006).”
Variation in Calf Body Mass in Migratory Caribou: The Role of Habitat, Climate, and Movements (2009, methodology): “This correlation supports the delayed-quality–effect hypothesis (Gaillard et al. 2003) because 3 or 4 years corresponds to the age of 1st reproduction for females in this population (Crête et al. 1996).”