Optimization of electromechanical coupling for a thin-film PZT membrane: II. Experiment

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Review of piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers and their applications (2017, background): “Partially clamped membranes have been demonstrated to increase the coupling coefficient and volumetric displacement of a pMUT by simulating the coupling coefficient of a simply supported membrane and a clamped membrane [48].”
An improved analysis of the SSHI interface in piezoelectric energy harvesting (2007, background): “As a result, piezoelectric elements for scavenging energy from ambient vibration sources have been used in various types of structures to serve specific purposes, including the use of resonant piezoelectric-based structures of cantilever beam configuration [1, 11, 14, 23, 40, 51, 54] as well as plat”
A review of power harvesting using piezoelectric materials (2003–2006) (2007, unknown): “Cho et al (2005a) continued the work presented by Richards et al (2004) by analytically optimizing the coupling coefficient in a piezoelectric power harvesting system and then testing the optimization scheme experimentally.”
Comparison of MEMS PZT Cantilevers Based on $d_{31}$ and $d_{33}$ Modes for Vibration Energy Harvesting (2013, background): “This might be ascribed to residual stress which is known to reduce electromechanical coefficient [33].”