NEETs: young people not in employment, education or training: characteristics, costs and policy responses in Europe

By Massimiliano Mascherini. 2012

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Youth unemployment and active labor market policies in Europe (2016, background): “Calculations by Eurofund (2011) suggest that the immediate public costs accruing from youth neither in education nor in employment (NEET) in the EU-26 amounted to 120 billion Euros (1% of GDP) in 2008, and 153 billion Euros (1.2% of GDP) in 2011, not accounting for discounted future costs and…”
Career Adaptability, Hope, Optimism, and Life Satisfaction in Italian and Swiss Adolescents (2017, background): “…societies—with about 12.9% of young person between 15 and 24 in the European community being neither in education, employment, or training (Eurofound, 2012), and 3.9% of people in Switzerland aged between 18 and 25 benefiting from the social welfare system (Office Fédéral de la…”
Five Characteristics of Youth Unemployment in Europe (2015, background): “As the 2012 Eurofound’s ground-breaking study has shown, this should be seen against an estimated annual cost of NEETs of about €153 billion (representing 1.21% of EU’s GDP; Eurofound, 2012b; ILO, 2012b, 2012c).”
Exploring the Diversity of NEETs (2016, methodology): “Furthermore, Eurofound (2012) identified five categories within the NEET population, some vulnerable and some not, with very different characteristics and needs: n conventionally unemployed; n unavailable; n disengaged; n opportunity seekers; n voluntary NEETs.”