Modulation of the boreal wintertime Madden‐Julian oscillation by the stratospheric quasi‐biennial oscillation
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Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO), the dominant mode of intraseasonal variability in the tropical troposphere, has a significant impact on global weather and climate. Here we present that the year‐to‐year variation of the MJO activity shows significant changes with the quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) in the tropical stratosphere. Specifically, the boreal winter MJO amplitude, evaluated by various metrics, is typically stronger than normal during the QBO easterly phase at 50 hPa and weaker than normal during the QBO westerly phase at 50 hPa. This relationship, which is possibly mediated by the QBO‐related static stability and/or vertical wind shear changes in the tropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, is robust whether or not the activeness of the MJO or QBO is taken into account. This result suggests a new potential route from the stratosphere that regulates the organized tropical convection, helping to improve the prediction skill of the boreal winter MJO.
Subfields: Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7c47e95b9cc06c0560812ca33e3a261166e72d0f
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Citations in the corpus
- Stratospheric control of the Madden-Julian oscillation. (2017, background): “If only active MJOs are considered (i.e., when the MJO amplitude exceeds 1 and consistently propagates eastward in time), their differences become even larger and statistically significant for all MJO phases (Yoo and Son 2016).”
- Prediction of the Madden–Julian Oscillation: A Review (2018, background): “The extended prediction skill and predictability during the easterly QBO are not only due to more initially strongerMJO events (Yoo and Son 2016; Son et al. 2017), but also to a more coherent MJO event (Nishimoto and Yoden 2017).”
- The Teleconnection of El Niño Southern Oscillation to the Stratosphere (2019, background): “In the tropics, the QBO has recently been found to have a possible downward influence on the tropical troposphere, in particular on the MJO (Geller et al., 2017; Marshall et al., 2016; Son et al., 2017; Yoo & Son, 2016).”
- An Overview of the Atmospheric Component of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (2019, background): “…et al., 2016), which can also influence tropospheric variability, including the modulation of the amplitude of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO; Anstey & Shepherd, 2014; Son et al., 2017; Yoo & Son, 2016), and high‐latitude features in the lower stratosphere like sudden stratospheric warmings.”
- Fifty Years of Research on the Madden‐Julian Oscillation: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives (2020, background): “…the physical mechanism of the QBO‐MJO connection is not completely understood, it is generally considered through the QBO‐related changes in the upper tropospheric static stability and the vertical zonal wind shear across the tropopause (Nishimoto & Yoden, 2017; Son et al., 2017; Yoo & Son, 2016).”