Four Decades of Breeding for Varietal Improvement of Irrigated Lowland Rice in the International Rice Research Institute

By S. Peng, Gurdev Khushg. 2003

123 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract Since the establishment of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in 1960, IRRI’s breeding effort in varietal improvement for irrigated lowland has passed four decades. Breeding of semi-dwarf rice varieties such as IR8 at IRRI during first decade from 1960 to 1969 resulted in quantum leaps in yield potential, which marked the green revolution in Asia. During the second decade from 1970 to 1979, the primary emphasis of rice improvement has been directed towards incorporation of multiple disease and insect resistance and shortening of growth duration. Grain quality was the main target of crop improvement at IRRI during the third decade from 1980 to 1989. The fourth decade from 1990 to 1999 and beyond was focused again on the improvement of yield potential by developing hybrid rice and new plant type. Up to 1999, 46 indica inbred varieties and 2 indica/indica hybrid rice varieties were developed by IRRI and released in the Philippines for the irrigated lowland rice systems. Large-scale adoption of these improved varieties under modern crop management practices has resulted in a dramatic increase in rice production in major rice-growing countries. The hybrid varieties between indicas increased yield potential by 9% under the tropical conditions. New plant type (NPT) breeding has not yet resulted in an increase in yield potential. The second generation NPT developed by crossing tropical japonica with indica has demonstrated some promising results in terms of improvements in yield potential, disease and insect resistance, and grain quality.

Subfields: Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7bd9cbaa75cc39710306a826089ba8c32183c281

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In Plant Science

1. Y. Zou
2. S. Peng
3. Qiyuan Tang
4. G. Khush
5. F. Horgan
6. Ajay Kohli
7. D. Fujita
8. Z. Tadele

Citations in the corpus

• Grain Yield and Yield Attributes of New Plant Type and Hybrid Rice (2007, background): “They did not yield well, however, because of limited biomass production and poor grain fi lling (Peng and Khush, 2003).”
• Rice Resistance to Planthoppers and Leafhoppers (2013, background): “For over 50 years, the development of host plant resistance against these insects has been a major focus at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and other national and international rice research centers (Peng and Khush, 2003; Thwin et al., 2003; Singh and Dhaliwal, 2004; Brar et al., 20”
• Progress in ideotype breeding to increase rice yield potential (2008, background): “…season of the tropics with secondgeneration NPT lines, the following are the target traits: 330 panicles per m2, 150 spikelets per panicle, 80% grain filling, 25 mg grain weight (oven-dry), 22 t ha 1 aboveground total biomass (at 14% moisture content), and 50% harvest index (Peng and Khush, 2003).”