Tumor-associated macrophages in tumor metastasis: biological roles and clinical therapeutic applications

By Yuxin Lin, Jianxin Xu, Huiyin Lan. Journal of Hematology & Oncology, 2019

1,160 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Tumor metastasis is a major contributor to the death of cancer patients. It is driven not only by the intrinsic alterations in tumor cells, but also by the implicated cross-talk between cancer cells and their altered microenvironment components. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the key cells that create an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) by producing cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and triggering the inhibitory immune checkpoint proteins release in T cells. In doing so, TAMs exhibit important functions in facilitating a metastatic cascade of cancer cells and, meanwhile, provide multiple targets of certain checkpoint blockade immunotherapies for opposing tumor progression. In this article, we summarize the regulating networks of TAM polarization and the mechanisms underlying TAM-facilitated metastasis. Based on the overview of current experimental evidence dissecting the critical roles of TAMs in tumor metastasis, we discuss and prospect the potential applications of TAM-focused therapeutic strategies in clinical cancer treatment at present and in the future.

Subfields: Immunology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7a748f136d43b377b9a93205ee4e5d3c6a1856c1

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Citations in the corpus

• Tumor microenvironment complexity and therapeutic implications at a glance (2020, background): “Accordingly, TAM-based therapeutic strategies are being developed that aim at TAM targeting, TAM reeducation, and TAM depletion [88, 96, 101, 102] .”