Invariants of the velocity-gradient, rate-of-strain, and rate-of-rotation tensors across the turbulent/nonturbulent interface in jets

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Interfacial Layers Between Regions of Different Turbulence Intensity (2014, background): “The PDF of the interface position is approximately Gaussian with a small nonzero skewness and flatness slightly above 3 in jets and wakes (Bisset et al. 2002, da Silva & Pereira 2008, Westerweel et al. 2009).”
Beyond Kolmogorov cascades (2019, unknown): “This ratio has indeed been reported to occur frequently in turbulent flows, but other frequent ratios, such as [3 : 1 : −4] have also been reported (da Silva & Pereira 2008), which would correspond to hω = −3/4 (1/4 rescaling symmetry for the velocity field) if the same kind of mechanism holds.”
Effect of compressibility on the small-scale structures in isotropic turbulence (2012, background): “…for a wide variety of incompressible turbulence, including mixing layers (Soria et al. 1994), wall-bounded turbulence (Blackburn, Mansour & Cantwell 1996; Chong et al. 1998), isotropic turbulence (Ooi et al. 1999), and the turbulence/non-turbulence interface in the jets (da Silva & Pereira 2008).”
Momentum and scalar transport at the turbulent/non-turbulent interface of a jet (2009, methodology): “…indicated a jump in the mean axial momentum relative to the instantaneous jet interface, in correspondence to findings from numerical simulations for the turbulent/non-turbulent interface of a turbulent wake (Bisset, Hunt & Rogers 2002) and of a time-evolving plane jet (da Silva & Pereira 2008).”