Deconstructing Gravity: Trade Costs and Extensive and Intensive Margins

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Exporter Dynamics Database (2012, unknown): “But distance could also proxy for fixed trade costs related for example to informational networks (Lawless, 2010).”
Gravity Equations: Workhorse,Toolkit, and Cookbook (2013, unknown): “Using the same method of decomposition, Bernard et al. (2007), Mayer and Ottaviano (2007), Hillberry and Hummels (2008), Lawless (2010) all point to the extensive margin accounting for 49All elasticities with respect to Xn (proxied by GDP) have theoretical predictions that are more complicated than…”
The World Trade Network (2011, unknown): “Moreover, Lawless (2008) finds that in a traditional gravity setup, such as the one expressed in equation 9, distance Dij has a negative effect on both margins, but the magnitude of the coefficient is considerably larger and more significant for the extensive margin, and that most of the variables…”
Firms in international trade (2016, methodology): “Second, Lawless (2010) uses U.S. Census Bureau data and finds that distance—in contrast with other gravity variables such as language, internal geography, and import cost barriers—lowers the intensive margin.”
Product Standards and Margins of Trade: Firm Level Evidence (2015, unknown): “More distant markets are served by larger and more profitable firms, this selection leading to an indeterminate effect of distance on the intensive margin (Lawless, 2010) 3Crozet et al.”