ReDMark: Framework for residual diffusion watermarking based on deep networks
By Mahdi Ahmadi, Alireza Norouzi, Nader Karimi, Shadrokh Samavi, Ali Emami. Expert systems with applications, 2018
297 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract Due to the rapid growth of machine learning tools and specifically deep networks in various computer vision and image processing areas, applications of Convolutional Neural Networks for watermarking have recently emerged. In this paper, we propose a deep end-to-end diffusion watermarking framework (ReDMark) which can learn a new watermarking algorithm in any desired transform space. The framework is composed of two Fully Convolutional Neural Networks with residual structure which handle embedding and extraction operations in real-time. The whole deep network is trained end-to-end to conduct a blind secure watermarking. The proposed framework simulates various attacks as a differentiable network layer to facilitate end-to-end training. The watermark data is diffused in a relatively wide area of the image to enhance security and robustness of the algorithm. Comparative results versus recent state-of-the-art researches highlight the superiority of the proposed framework in terms of imperceptibility, robustness and speed. The source codes of the proposed framework are publicly available at Github 1 .
Subfields: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7898ae238b81b2547f6769e6c74052c727046627
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In Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Citations in the corpus
- Distortion Agnostic Deep Watermarking (2020, methodology): “RedMark [1] introduced residual connections with a strength factor for embedding binary images in the transform domain.”
- The Stable Signature: Rooting Watermarks in Latent Diffusion Models (2023, unknown): “Formally, W E takes as inputs a cover image ReDMark [2], W E outputs a residual image δ of the same size as x o , that is multiplied by a factor α to produce watermarked image x w = x o + αδ .”
- HiNet: Deep Image Hiding by Invertible Network (2021, background): “[2] introduced residual connections and a CNN-based transform operation module to embed watermarking in any transform space.”