Origin of the mosaicity in graphene grown on Cu(111)
By Shu Nie, J. M. Wofford, Norman C. Bartelt, O. Dubon, Kevin F. McCarty. 2011
183 citations recorded by the source corpus.
We use low-energy electron microscopy to investigate how graphene grows on Cu(111). Graphene islands first nucleate at substrate defects such as step bunches and impurities. A considerable fraction of these islands can be rotationally misaligned with the substrate, generating grain boundaries upon interisland impingement. New rotational boundaries are also generated as graphene grows across substrate step bunches. Thus, rougher substrates lead to higher degrees of mosaicity than do flatter substrates. Increasing the growth temperature improves crystallographic alignment. We demonstrate that graphene growth on Cu(111) is surface diffusion limited by comparing simulations of the time evolution of island shapes with experiments. Islands are dendritic with distinct lobes, but unlike the polycrystalline, four-lobed islands observed on (100)-textured Cu foils, each island can be a single crystal. Thus, epitaxial graphene on smooth, clean Cu(111) has fewer structural defects than it does on Cu(100).
Subfields: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Materials Chemistry
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/77667220793653a30bcd9b1365c93888c763a5ea
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In Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
In Materials Chemistry
Citations in the corpus
- Interaction between graphene and copper substrate: The role of lattice orientation (2014, background): “3 presence of Cu grain boundaries and transition between individual Cu lattice orientations, both of which largely affect the resulting graphene, epitaxial growth on surfaces with defined long-range crystalline order is particularly appealing [15, 18, 25-32].”
- Growth of Epitaxial Graphene: Theory and Experiment (2014, background): “This is in contrast to growth on Rh(111) and Pt(111) where nucleation has been observed to occur homogeneously on terraces [252, 251, 206] while on Cu(111) and polycrystalline copper surfaces, graphene has been observed to nucleate heterogeneously at steps, defects and impurities [262, 266, 267].”
- Growth morphology and properties of metals on graphene (2015, background): “thickness for Cs [37] and for Au [16,17], recent experiments also show that metal intercalation [35,186,200-202] provides a way to effectively modify the propertie s of graphene and tune the adatom bonding.”