Equations for potential annual direct incident radiation and heat load

By Bruce McCune, D. Keon. 2002

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Improved estimates of incident radiation and heat load using non- parametric regression against topographic variables (2007, methodology): “McCune & Keon (2002) estimated incident radiation and a heat load index by least-squares multiple regression using trigonometric functions of those three predictors.”
Climatic constraints on trait‐based forest assembly (2011, methodology): “To quantify the influence of topography on mesoclimate, we used equations for estimating solar radiation from topographical slope, aspect and latitude (McCune & Keon 2002).”
Post-fire regeneration variability of Pinus halepensis in the eastern Iberian Peninsula (2004, methodology): “The model with these four variables explained ca. 38% of the variability (Fig. 3, Table 4). The explained variance did not increase significantly when substituting the AI for any of the radiation or head load values obtained from the three alternative equations provided by McCune and Keon (2002) , ”
Functional identity is more important than diversity in influencing ecosystem processes in a temperate native grassland (2008, methodology): “At the site level, we calculated potential annual radiation from slope and aspect (from McCune & Dylan (2002)), and determined soil nutrient status (total N , extractable P and K ).”
Consequences of propagule dispersal and river fragmentation for riparian plant community diversity and turnover (2010, methodology): “…distance downstream from the furthest upstream site (in kilometers), number of upstream tributary streams, and direct incident radiation (insolation; in megajoules per square centimeter per year), which was calculated using latitude, slope, and aspect of each site following McCune and Keon (2002).”
Surface metrics: an alternative to patch metrics for the quantification of landscape structure (2009, background): “Heat load index (HLI) Based on McCune and Keon (2002) ; accounts for potential solar radiation as a function of latitude, aspect and slope.”
The importance of snow in species distribution models of arctic vegetation (2018, methodology): “The potential annual direct solar radiation was calculated (MJ/cm–2/yr–1) by using the equations of McCune and Keon assuming clear sky conditions (McCune and Keon 2002).”
Dispersal and establishment both limit colonization during primary succession on a glacier foreland (2009, background): “Measurements of slope and aspect were combined with latitude to estimate potential heat load for each plot (McCune and Keon 2002); potential heat load is highest in southwest-facing plots with slope equal to latitude.”
Statistical Forecasting of Current and Future Circum‐Arctic Ground Temperatures and Active Layer Thickness (2018, methodology): “…potential incoming solar radiation (PISR, MJ · cm 2 · a 1) was computed using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (U.S. Geological Survey, 2004) digital elevation model at a 30 arc sec spatial resolution following McCune & Keon (2002).”