Quadruplex DNA: sequence, topology and structure

By Sarah W. Burge, G. Parkinson, P. Hazel, Alan K. Todd, Stephen Neidle. Nucleic Acids Research, 2006

2,216 citations recorded by the source corpus.

G-quadruplexes are higher-order DNA and RNA structures formed from G-rich sequences that are built around tetrads of hydrogen-bonded guanine bases. Potential quadruplex sequences have been identified in G-rich eukaryotic telomeres, and more recently in non-telomeric genomic DNA, e.g. in nuclease-hypersensitive promoter regions. The natural role and biological validation of these structures is starting to be explored, and there is particular interest in them as targets for therapeutic intervention. This survey focuses on the folding and structural features on quadruplexes formed from telomeric and non-telomeric DNA sequences, and examines fundamental aspects of topology and the emerging relationships with sequence. Emphasis is placed on information from the high-resolution methods of X-ray crystallography and NMR, and their scope and current limitations are discussed. Such information, together with biological insights, will be important for the discovery of drugs targeting quadruplexes from particular genes.

Subfields: Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/76fe6f34cfcca5f778c9cec522aa1e68df7f6087

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Citations in the corpus

• G-quadruplexes and their regulatory roles in biology (2015, background): “Intra-molecular folding requires the presence of four or more G-tracts in one strand, whereas inter-molecular folding can arise from two or four strands giving rise to parallel or antiparallel structures depending on the orientation of the strands in a G-quadruplex (4,5) (Figure 1B).”
• The Structure and Function of DNA G-Quadruplexes (2020, background): “ogies arising from different combinations of strand direction (Figure 1D–F), as well as length and loop composition [9,10].”
• 5′-UTR RNA G-quadruplexes: translation regulation and targeting (2012, background): “Another noteworthy difference is that whereas intramolecular DNA G-quadruplex structures are generally highly polymorphic (65,66), currently available biophysical data indicate that intramolecular RNA G-quadruplexes have a preference to adopt a parallel-stranded conformation regardless of the sequen”