Emerging roles of linker histones in regulating chromatin structure and function
By D. Fyodorov, Bing-Rui Zhou, A. Skoultchi, Yawen Bai. 2017
417 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Together with core histones, which make up the nucleosome, the linker histone (H1) is one of the five main histone protein families present in chromatin in eukaryotic cells. H1 binds to the nucleosome to form the next structural unit of metazoan chromatin, the chromatosome, which may help chromatin to fold into higher-order structures. Despite their important roles in regulating the structure and function of chromatin, linker histones have not been studied as extensively as core histones. Nevertheless, substantial progress has been made recently. The first near-atomic resolution crystal structure of a chromatosome core particle and an 11 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy-derived structure of the 30 nm nucleosome array have been determined, revealing unprecedented details about how linker histones interact with the nucleosome and organize higher-order chromatin structures. Moreover, several new functions of linker histones have been discovered, including their roles in epigenetic regulation and the regulation of DNA replication, DNA repair and genome stability. Studies of the molecular mechanisms of H1 action in these processes suggest a new paradigm for linker histone function beyond its architectural roles in chromatin.
Subfields: Molecular Biology, Plant Science
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Citations in the corpus
- Gene-specific H1 eviction through a transcriptional activator-p300-NAP1-H1 pathway (2019, background): “Chromatin compaction by H1 has long been thought to repress transcription by restricting transcription factor interactions (Fyodorov et al., 2017), but whether chromatin compaction is sufficient to preclude factor association, whether other repression mechanisms are involved and how repression is re”
- WHSC1 monomethylates histone H1 and induces stem-cell like features in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (2020, background): “While linker histones are subject to various post-translational modifications, the enzymes that impart these modifications as well as the functions of these modifications are not well described [21].”
- Distinct Structures and Dynamics of Chromatosomes with Different Human Linker Histone Isoforms (2020, background): “As chromatin factors, linker histones play important roles in many cellular functions (Fyodorov et al., 2018; Hergeth and Schneider, 2015), including gene expression (Fan et al.”