Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC): Bendable Concrete for Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure

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Seawater sea-sand engineered/strain-hardening cementitious composites (ECC/SHCC): Assessment and modeling of crack characteristics (2021, background): “It is known that the crack width is critical for the water permeability and self-healing behavior of concrete materials [3].”
Mechanical and self-healing behavior of low carbon engineered cementitious composites reinforced with PP-fibers (2020, background): “W02-LC3 and W16LC3 further reduce the CW to approximately 60–85 lm, which is comparable with that of typical PVA-ECC (50–80 lm) [1].”
Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) with limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) (2020, background): “Initially introduced in 1990s, Engineering Cementitious Composites (ECC) has been extensively studied as a novel class of ultra-ductile cementitious materials with strain-hardening characteristic [13,14].”
Engineered/strain-hardening cementitious composites (ECC/SHCC) with an ultra-high compressive strength over 210 MPa (2021, methodology): “According to the design theory of ECC [1], the tensile strength depends on fiber aspect ratio, fiber content, and fiber/matrix bond strength.”