The End of Economic Voting? Contingency Dilemmas and the Limits of Democratic Accountability

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Macroeconomics, economic crisis and electoral outcomes: A national European pool (2014, background): “Part of this error could come from partisan bias for or against the incumbent party (Evans and Andersen, 2006), and another part from general misinformation (Anderson, 2007: 280).”
Uncertainty about Government Policy and Stock Prices (2012, background): “A more recent survey by Anderson (2007) finds that the relation between economic outcomes and election outcomes is imperfect and complicated.”
Anticipatory and reactive forms of blame avoidance: of foxes and lions (2016, unknown): “…area of research draws on economic voting theory, which holds that politicians are held responsible at the ballot box by an electorate that retrospectively evaluates the economic performance of incumbents, following a simple reward – punishment logic (Fiorina, 1981; Arnold, 1990; Anderson, 2007).”
Clarity of responsibility: How government cohesion conditions performance voting (2013, background): “Yet comparative research has also demonstrated that the strength of this link varies considerably across countries (Paldam 1991; Anderson 2007).”