Silicon CMOS architecture for a spin-based quantum computer

By Menno Veldhorst, H. Eenink, C. Yang, Andrew Dzurak. Nature Communications, 2016

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Recent advances in quantum error correction codes for fault-tolerant quantum computing and physical realizations of high-fidelity qubits in multiple platforms give promise for the construction of a quantum computer based on millions of interacting qubits. However, the classical-quantum interface remains a nascent field of exploration. Here, we propose an architecture for a silicon-based quantum computer processor based on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. We show how a transistor-based control circuit together with charge-storage electrodes can be used to operate a dense and scalable two-dimensional qubit system. The qubits are defined by the spin state of a single electron confined in quantum dots, coupled via exchange interactions, controlled using a microwave cavity, and measured via gate-based dispersive readout. We implement a spin qubit surface code, showing the prospects for universal quantum computation. We discuss the challenges and focus areas that need to be addressed, providing a path for large-scale quantum computing. Realisation of large-scale quantum computation requires both error correction capability and a large number of qubits. Here, the authors propose to use a CMOS-compatible architecture featuring a spin qubit surface code and individual qubit control via floating memory gate electrodes.

Subfields: Artificial Intelligence, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Computational Theory and Mathematics

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