Stimulation of HIV-1-specific cytolytic T-lymphocytes facilitates elimination of latent viral reservoir after virus reactivation
By L. Shan, K. Deng, Neeta S Shroff, C. Durand, S. A. Rabi, Hung‐Chih Yang, Hao Zhang, J. Margolick, J. Blankson, R. Siliciano. Immunity, 2012
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Summary Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) suppresses HIV-1 replication but cannot eliminate the virus because HIV-1 establishes latent infection. Interruption of HAART leads to a rapid rebound of viremia. Life-long treatment is therefore required. Efforts to purge the latent reservoir have focused on reactivating latent proviruses without inducing global T-cell activation. However, the killing of the infected cells after virus reactivation, which is essential for elimination of the reservoir, has not been assessed. Here we show that after reversal of latency in an in vitro model, infected resting CD4+ T cells survived despite viral cytopathic effects, even in the presence of autologous cytolytic T-lymphocytes (CTL) from most patients on HAART. Antigen-specific stimulation of patient CTLs led to efficient killing of infected cells. These results demonstrate that stimulating HIV-1-specific CTLs prior to reactivating latent HIV-1 may be essential for successful eradication efforts and should be considered in future clinical trials.
Subfields: Immunology, Infectious Diseases, Virology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/737a9cf4f71f19f2b58c30ba7b77788c08132f4a
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In Infectious Diseases
Citations in the corpus
- Replication-competent non-induced proviruses in the latent reservoir increase barrier to HIV-1 cure (2013, background): “Of note, eradication strategies depend on the production of viral proteins, which allows recognition of the infected cells byHIV-1 specificCTL (Shanet al., 2012).”