Volume, Pressure and Thickness Evolution of Li-Ion Pouch Cells with Silicon-Composite Negative Electrodes

By A. Louli, Jing Li, S. Trussler, Christopher R. Fell, J. Dahn. 2017

173 citations recorded by the source corpus.

In-situ volume, pressure and thickness measurements were performed on Li-ion pouch cells with various silicon-composite negative electrodes to quantify electrode volume expansion. Li(Ni 1-x-y Co x Al y )O 2 /SiO-graphite, LiCoO 2 /Si Alloy-graphite and Li(Ni 1-x-y Co x Al y )O 2 /nano Si-C pouch cells were tested in this work. Archimedes-type in-situ volume measurements and in-situ thickness measurements showed cell expansion during charge and contraction during discharge due to electrode lithiation and de-lithiation. An in-situ pressure measurement was used to measure the effect of electrode volume expansion on volumetrically- constrained pouch cells. The volume expansion and contraction profiles measured exhibit a non-linear, asymmetric behavior as a function of cell state of charge for all cell types. To explain this, calculations of the volume expansion contribution of each electrode component were performed. Based on the results of the calculations, conclusions about the mechanisms contributing to the measured expansion profiles can be made. by volume) was used as electrolyte, fully wetting the electrodes and separators. Coin cells were assembled in an argon-filled glove box. Cells were cycled on an E-One Moli Energy Canada battery testing system. In-situ X-ray diffraction.— In-situ XRD was performed on a NCA vs. lithium half-cell using a Siemens D5000 diffractometer equipped with a Cu target X-ray tube and a diffracted beam monochromator. A slurry with 94% NCA, 4% carbon black (Super S) and 4% polyvinyli-dene fluoride (PVDF) was purposely made thick with a small amount of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). The slurry was cast using a 660 μ m notch onto a 2 cm diameter beryllium window. The electrodes were dried overnight at 120 ◦ a before use. The beryllium was attached using Roscobond pressure sensitive the positive electrode side of the cell case that pre-cut cm hole. The in-situ cell was then assembled in the same way as the half cells The cell was cycled a rate of C/100 between 3–4.4 V two cycles using the E-one Moli charger system, while diffraction patterns were collected in the angle (2 θ ) range of 17–70 ◦ with selected range at 0.05 ◦ intervals with a dwell time of 15 s. Each scan was approximately 2.5 h. This experiment was conducted so the volume changes versus state of lithiation of the NCA electrode used in Type A cells could be determined. conclusions for the expansion behavior of Type A cells can be applied to understand the volume behavior of other chemistries with silicon-composite negative electrodes. By showing the results for three very different cell types with Si-containing negative electrodes, which can be explained by the same model, we demonstrate clearly that the spe- cific cell details are unimportant. Cells that contain SiO, Si-alloy or carbon-coated nano Si will behave as shown in this work. The swelling of Li-ion cells with such electrodes that experience a large volume expansion is an important consideration in commercial applications.

Subfields: Automotive Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/731c360f3de8468a0551f6daa0932daa17e7de0f

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In Automotive Engineering

  1. A. Louli
  2. L. Ellis
  3. J. Dahn

In Electrical and Electronic Engineering

  1. L. Ellis
  2. A. Louli
  3. J. Dahn
  4. K. Amine
  5. Kang Xu
  6. Shinichi Komaba
  7. V. Chevrier
  8. Yi Cui

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