A million binaries from Gaia eDR3: sample selection and validation of Gaia parallax uncertainties

By K. El-Badry, Hans-Walter Rix, T. Heintz. 2021

238 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We construct from Gaia eDR3 an extensive catalog of spatially resolved binary stars within $\approx$ 1 kpc of the Sun, with projected separations ranging from a few au to 1 pc. We estimate the probability that each pair is a chance alignment empirically, using the Gaia catalog itself to calculate the rate of chance alignments as a function of observables. The catalog contains 1.3 (1.1) million binaries with >90% (>99%) probability of being bound, including 16,000 white dwarf -- main sequence (WD+MS) binaries and 1,400 WD+WD binaries. We make the full catalog publicly available, as well as the queries and code to produce it. We then use this sample to calibrate the published Gaia DR3 parallax uncertainties, making use of the binary components' near-identical parallaxes. We show that these uncertainties are generally reliable for faint stars ($G\gtrsim 18$), but are underestimated significantly for brighter stars. The underestimates are generally $\le 30\%$ for isolated sources with well-behaved astrometry, but are larger (up to 80%) for apparently well-behaved sources with a companion within $\lesssim 4$ arcsec, and much larger for sources with poor astrometric fits. We provide an empirical fitting function to inflate published $\sigma_{\varpi}$ values for isolated sources. The public catalog offers wide ranging follow-up opportunities: from calibrating spectroscopic surveys, to precisely constraining ages of field stars, to the masses and the initial-final mass relation of white dwarfs, to dynamically probing the Galactic tidal field.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/349aaadd48a70d3881d14bf47dc106e45c19adc5

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Citations in the corpus

TESS Eclipsing Binary Stars. I. Short-cadence Observations of 4584 Eclipsing Binaries in Sectors 1–26 (2021, methodology): “We cross matched our EB sample with the catalog of wide binaries in Gaia EDR3 from El-Badry et al. (2021), to assess if any of the EBs are in fact members of hierarchical triples.”
Gaia EDR3 view on galactic globular clusters (2021, unknown): “El-Badry et al. (2021) find a similarly mild (.”