Regulation of glucose metabolism from a liver-centric perspective

By Hye-Sook Han, Geon Kang, J. S. Kim, B.-H. Choi, Seung-Hoi Koo. Experimental and Molecular Medicine, 2016

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Glucose homeostasis is tightly regulated to meet the energy requirements of the vital organs and maintain an individual’s health. The liver has a major role in the control of glucose homeostasis by controlling various pathways of glucose metabolism, including glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Both the acute and chronic regulation of the enzymes involved in the pathways are required for the proper functioning of these complex interwoven systems. Allosteric control by various metabolic intermediates, as well as post-translational modifications of these metabolic enzymes constitute the acute control of these pathways, and the controlled expression of the genes encoding these enzymes is critical in mediating the longer-term regulation of these metabolic pathways. Notably, several key transcription factors are shown to be involved in the control of glucose metabolism including glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver. In this review, we would like to illustrate the current understanding of glucose metabolism, with an emphasis on the transcription factors and their regulators that are involved in the chronic control of glucose homeostasis.

Subfields: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Molecular Biology, Surgery

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/710837f735db77e17b7d70d67265de355dad9806

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Citations in the corpus

The role of metabolism in chondrocyte dysfunction and the progression of osteoarthritis. (2020, background): “The cycle generates energy equivalent to ATP (that is, GTP) as well as both NADH and FADH2, which serve as important electron carriers for electron transport chain-oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in the generation of ATP (Han et al., 2016).”