Enzyme secretion by ECM fungi and exploitation of mineral nutrients from soil organic matter

By K. Pritsch, J. Garbaye. Annals of Forest Science, 2011

110 citations recorded by the source corpus.

IntroductionImportant nutrients in forest soils such as nitrogen and phosphorus are mostly recycled from natural polymeric compounds contained in litter and organic debris—for example nucleic acids, proteins, or chitin.ObjectivesActivities of enzymes such as phosphatases, proteases, cellulases, chitinases and laccase were shown in saprotrophic but also in ectomycorrhizal fungi and there is increasing evidence that these enzymes contribute not only to the functioning of the symbiosis but also to the mobilisation of nutrients. In the present review, we describe how enzyme secretion and localisation on fungal hyphae may be connected to the potential role in soil nutrient cycling.ResultsRecently developed methods for enzyme activity studies of ectomycorrhizae directly assayed in or collected from the field such as enzyme activity profiling and soil imprinting are described. Their value and limitations in different examples of ecological studies is highlighted and discussed also with respect to the role of other soil microorganisms associated with ectomycorrhizae.ConclusionThe conclusion from our review is that enzyme activities of ECM and their associated microorganisms provide a potentially enormous plasticity of mycorrhizosphere functionality which is an open field for further research. Enzymes secrétés par les champignons ectomycorhiziens et exploitation des éléments minéraux contenus dans la matière organique du sol.

Subfields: Insect Science, Pharmacology, Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/70393254c7643153fb905bd4f1adf023697a16e5

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Citations in the corpus

Functional guild classification predicts the enzymatic role of fungi in litter and soil biogeochemistry (2015, background): “…to produce extracellular enzymes (B€odeker et al., 2009), can release a variety of extracellular enzymes in culture (Talbot and Treseder, 2010; Pritsch and Garbaye, 2011; Burke et al., 2014), and can acquire nutrients from complex soil organic matter in microcosms (Bending and Read, 1995a,b).”
Diversity in phosphorus mobilisation and uptake in ectomycorrhizal fungi (2011, methodology): “Most of the studies addressing the release of phosphatases use artificial phosphomonesters such as p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) based on the procedure described in Tabatabai and Bremner (1969) or the fluorescent assay based on the release of 4methylumbelliferone from 4-methylumbelliferonephosphate”
Stoichiometry constrains microbial response to root exudation- insights from a model and a field experiment in a temperate forest (2012, background): “…such as C allocation to mycorrhizal fungal associates, which decompose a wide range of SOM substrates and transfer large quantities of nutrients to plant hosts (Chalot and Brun, 1998; Hodge et al., 2001; Hobbie and Hobbie, 2006; Talbot et al., 2008; Kaiser et al., 2011; Pritsch and Garbaye, 2011).”