Determination of formic-acid and acetic acid concentrations formed during hydrothermal treatment of birch wood and its relation to colour, strength and hardness

By Bror Sundqvist, Olov Karlsson, U. Westermark. Wood Science and Technology, 2006

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Density profile and morphology of viscoelastic thermal compressed wood (2009, background): “Furthermore, the major sources of the darker color of hydro-thermally treated wood are lignin polymerization reactions during the treatment of wood (Tjeerdsma et al. 1998; Koch et al. 2003; Sundqvist et al. 2006; Mayer and Koch 2007).”
Effect of thermal treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of phyllostachys pubescen bamboo (2012, background): “Sundqvist et al. (2006) found that birch heattreated at 160–220 C can produce acetic acid; the heat absorption coefficient of heated lignin increased in acidic condition; thereby it increased the degree of wood discoloration.”
Effect of processing methods on the mechanical properties of engineered bamboo (2015, unknown): “properties [12–19].”
Wood modification by heat treatment: a review. (2009, background): “Sundqvist et al. (2006) studied the hydrothermal treatment of birch wood and suggested that the major source of formic acid released during the treatment originates from formate esters in the wood and acetic acids from acetate esters in the Esteves and Pereira (2009).”