Gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome.
By D. Festi, R. Schiumerini, L. Eusebi, G. Marasco, Martina Taddia, A. Colecchia. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2014
613 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Gut microbiota exerts a significant role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome, as confirmed by studies conducted both on humans and animal models. Gut microbial composition and functions are strongly influenced by diet. This complex intestinal "superorganism" seems to affect host metabolic balance modulating energy absorption, gut motility, appetite, glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as hepatic fatty storage. An impairment of the fine balance between gut microbes and host's immune system could culminate in the intestinal translocation of bacterial fragments and the development of "metabolic endotoxemia", leading to systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. Diet induced weight-loss and bariatric surgery promote significant changes of gut microbial composition, that seem to affect the success, or the inefficacy, of treatment strategies. Manipulation of gut microbiota through the administration of prebiotics or probiotics could reduce intestinal low grade inflammation and improve gut barrier integrity, thus, ameliorating metabolic balance and promoting weight loss. However, further evidence is needed to better understand their clinical impact and therapeutic use.
Subfields: Molecular Biology, Physiology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/6c445e3d06541c5064c358cf061a432edf17e971
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Citations in the corpus
- Intestinal Permeability in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathogenesis, Clinical Evaluation, and Therapy of Leaky Gut (2015, background): “Indeed the altered microbiota has been linked not only to gastrointestinal diseases but also to the pathogenesis of systemic conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome [6, 7].”
- Environmental/lifestyle factors in the pathogenesis and prevention of type 2 diabetes (2017, background): “This may avoid inflammatory activation of endothelial and Kupffer cells in the liver with concomitant hepatocyte dysfunction, as usually observed in response to a western-type high-fat diet or during non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [165, 166].”
- Mechanisms and consequences of intestinal dysbiosis (2017, background): “Metabolic endotoxemia is further enhanced by increased permeability of the gut wall that is caused by a high-fat/high-sugar diet through increasing levels of adherent-invasive Escherichia coli, which infiltrates the intestinal epithelium thereby decreasing mucus thickness [35, 36].”