Winter Biological Processes Could Help Convert Arctic Tundra to Shrubland

By M. Sturm, J. Schimel, G. Michaelson, Jeffrey M. Welker, Steven F. Oberbauer, G. Liston, J. Fahnestock, Vladimir E. Romanovsky. 2005

716 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Atmospheric Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/6c3acc2719f2d6144cfe83c519b6a4b087d941b9

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Citations in the corpus

• Response of green alder (Alnus viridis subsp. fruticosa) patch dynamics and plant community composition to fire and regional temperature in north‐western Canada (2010, background): “, 2005), alter snow pack (Pomeroy et al., 1995; Sturm et al., 2005; Johnstone & Kokelj, 2008), change active layer depth and nutrient dynamics (Rhoades et al.”
• Detecting long-term changes to vegetation in northern Canada using the Landsat satellite image archive (2011, background): “This process may be positively reinforced by shrub growth as this leads to additional trapping of insulating snow (Sturm et al 2005).”
• Soil nitrogen cycling rates in low arctic shrub tundra are enhanced by litter feedbacks (2010, background): “Current theories about tundra ecosystem succession have suggested that a positive feedback exists between shrubs and snow, whereby deeper snow around shrubs promotes warmer soil temperatures and increased N availability at spring thaw (Sturm et al. 2005).”
• Interactive effects of anthropogenic nitrogen enrichment and climate change on terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity (2013, background): “In tundra, greater shrub cover promoted by N enrichment can enhance the development of an earlier insulating snow cover, increasing decomposition during the winter and thus the supply of plant-available N (Sturm et al. 2005).”
• The snow and the willows: earlier spring snowmelt reduces performance in the low‐lying alpine shrub Salix herbacea (2016, background): “Shrub expansion may create multiple feedbacks, through snow trapping, warming via albedo alteration and alterations of soil temperature and moisture (e.g. Sturm et al. 2005; MyersSmith et al. 2011).”
• Microclimate impacts of passive warming methods in Antarctica: implications for climate change studies (2011, result): “…indicate that changes in winter climate may have stronger impacts on populations than summer temperature enhancements, which is supported by recent studies on winter activity and winter climate change in the Arctic (Benedict 1991; Schimel et al. 2004; Sturm et al. 2005; Bokhorst et al. 2009, 2010).”
• Permafrost response to increasing Arctic shrub abundance depends on the relative influence of shrubs on local soil cooling versus large-scale climate warming (2011, background): “…interactions for simulations without and with treatments of blowing-snow redistribution from tundra to shrubs, a phenomena that has been observed in Arctic ecosystems (Pomeroy et al 2006) and which has consequences for winter soil thermal and biological processes (Sturm et al 2005).”
• Phenological advancement in arctic bird species: relative importance of snow melt and ecological factors (2014, background): “Over the past three decades across the circumpolar Arctic, accelerated warming and expansion of the growing season has led to greater growth of trees and extension of shrubs into tundra habitats (Myneni et al.1997; Sturm et al. 2005).”
• Global assessment of experimental climate warming on tundra vegetation: heterogeneity over space and time. (2012, background): “For example, plant composition directly influences nitrogen cycling, productivity and decomposition, active layer depth, forage quantity and quality, snow distribution and surface albedo (Chapin et al. 1996, 2005; Sturm et al. 2005; Cornelissen et al. 2007; Blok et al. 2010).”
• Large herbivores limit CO2 uptake and suppress carbon cycle responses to warming in West Greenland (2011, background): “There is reason to believe that shrub-dominated plots may accumulate and retain a deeper and more insulative snowpack and may therefore have warmer soils and lose more C dur- ing winter than plots dominated by graminoids (Sturm et al., 2001, 2005).”