What is "critical" about critical design?

By Jeffrey Bardzell, Shaowen Bardzell. International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2013

474 citations recorded by the source corpus.

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Social Justice-Oriented Interaction Design: Outlining Key Design Strategies and Commitments (2016, background): “, reflective HCI [111, 84, 1], critical HCI [11, 10], activist HCI [61, 19, 65], third-paradigm HCI [58]) have identified similar issues and often advocate that that designers and researchers should turn an analytical gaze to their own practices.”
Research through design fiction: narrative in real and imaginary abstracts (2014, background): “Dunne and Raby insist that critical design is not art but Bardzell and Bardzell [2] have argued that this is not obvious from the artifacts themselves.”
UI Dark Patterns and Where to Find Them: A Study on Mobile Applications and User Perception (2020, background): “Games, social media, news applications, and more can all include malicious designs [30, 32, 33, 41, 98].”
The Dark (Patterns) Side of UX Design (2018, background): “, value levers [63], values at play [25], critical design [10, 7, 23], reflective design [60, 61]), these conversations are frequently bound to the academic community and related discourses, making practitioner access to these conversations difficult and activation of their implications problematic.”