Floral sonication by bees: Mesosomal vibration by Bombus and Xylocopa, but not Apis (Hymenoptera: Apidae), ejects pollen from poricidal anthers

By M. J. King, S. Buchmann. 2003

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Wild bee species increase tomato production and respond differently to surrounding land use in Northern California (2006, background): “Honey bees, which are incapable of floral sonication, have difficulty obtaining pollen from tomato flowers (Buchmann, 1983; Free, 1993; King and Buchmann, 2003).”
Progress in understanding pollination systems in New Zealand (2005, background): “King & Buchmann (2003) showed that species of Bombus and Xylocopa were able to vibrate Solanum anthers at the right frequency to extract pollen but Apis mellifera and the dronefly, Eristalis tenax (Syrphidae), were not.”