Sulfur-anchoring synthesis of platinum intermetallic nanoparticle catalysts for fuel cells

By Cheng-Long Yang, Lina Wang, Peng Yin, Jieyuan Liu, Ming‐Xi Chen, Q. Yan, Zheng-Shu Wang, Shi-Long Xu, S. Chu, Chunhua Cui and 5 more. Science, 2021

658 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Description Sulfur-stabilized intermetallic nanoparticles Nanoparticles of intermetallic alloys of platinum could have enhanced electronic properties that improve their catalytic activity, but the high temperatures needed to ensure complete atomic diffusion often lead to the growth of larger nanoparticles—sintering—with low surface area and hence low overall activity. Yang et al. show that sulfur-doped carbon supports create strong platinum-sulfur bonds that stabilize small platinum alloy nanoparticles (<5 nanometers in diameter) to temperatures up to 1000ºC. They screened libraries of platinum alloys and identified ones with high mass activity for the oxygen reduction reaction in hydrogen fuel cells. —PDS Platinum-sulfur bonds prevent sintering of intermetallic alloy nanoparticles for use in the oxygen reduction reaction. Atomically ordered intermetallic nanoparticles are promising for catalytic applications but are difficult to produce because the high-temperature annealing required for atom ordering inevitably accelerates metal sintering that leads to larger crystallites. We prepared platinum intermetallics with an average particle size of <5 nanometers on porous sulfur-doped carbon supports, on which the strong interaction between platinum and sulfur suppresses metal sintering up to 1000°C. We synthesized intermetallic libraries of small nanoparticles consisting of 46 combinations of platinum with 16 other metal elements and used them to study the dependence of electrocatalytic oxygen-reduction reaction activity on alloy composition and platinum skin strain. The intermetallic libraries are highly mass efficient in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells and could achieve high activities of 1.3 to 1.8 amperes per milligram of platinum at 0.9 volts.

Subfields: Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/6ad4cebdb3e1d4676f99f5dc939db11e2ff4069c

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Citations in the corpus

High-entropy nanoparticles: Synthesis-structure-property relationships and data-driven discovery (2022, background): “1)] (17, 18), oxides, fluorides, sulfides, carbides, MXenes (19–25), and van der Waals materials (e.”