Cool horizons for entangled black holes
By J. Maldacena, L. Susskind. 2013
1,629 citations recorded by the source corpus.
General relativity contains solutions in which two distant black holes are connected through the interior via a wormhole, or Einstein‐Rosen bridge. These solutions can be interpreted as maximally entangled states of two black holes that form a complex EPR pair. We suggest that similar bridges might be present for more general entangled states. In the case of entangled black holes one can formulate versions of the AMPS(S) paradoxes and resolve them. This suggests possible resolutions of the firewall paradoxes for more general situations.
Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/6a4859009c48774d9421aa0083f0d480f1f95c97
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Citations in the corpus
- Massive islands (2020, background): “To some extent, this is a very concrete implementation of at least the spirit of ER=EPR [29], where the degrees of freedom near the horizon are redundant with the degrees of freedom in R.”
- Transcending the ensemble: baby universes, spacetime wormholes, and the order and disorder of black hole information (2020, result): “s in mind, we recall that the discussions of [42,44{49,121] described a close parallel between old black holes that have been radiating into an external system (‘the bath’) and the ER=EPR paradigm of [31]. In particular, these works suggested that infalling observers experience only standard physics”
- The AdS/CFT correspondence (2014, background): “Subsequently, the even more radical notion known as ‘ER = EPR’ [161] posited that the spacetime should admit ‘Einstein–Rosen bridges’ (albeit of possibly Planckian scale) associated with any EPR pairs, present in general entangled states.”
- Lessons from the information paradox (2020, background): “This is also the prototypical example of the ER=EPR proposal [65].”
- Action growth for AdS black holes (2016, background): “Inspired by Hartman and Maldacena’s study about time evolution of entanglement entropy and tensor network description of quantum state [12], Susskind and Stanford revised the previous conjecture and proposed a new one called Complexity-Volume (CV) duality [6], C(tL, tR) ∼ V GNL (1.1) where V is the ”
- Complexity and Shock Wave Geometries (2014, background): “The patch contains all spacelike surfaces which terminate on the boundaries at times tL, tR [15].”
- Islands outside the horizon (2019, background): “Here, this conclusion is avoided due to the islands that realize ER = EPR [34] (see also [35, 36]), where the build up of entanglement leads to the interior modes being included inside the entanglement wedge of the bath.”
- An apologia for firewalls (2013, methodology): “By thus using the entanglement with the outside modes, whose AdS/CFT (27)As noted in [84], the above use of the Schwarzschild frequency basis makes these states singular on the horizon.”
- Information radiation in BCFT models of black holes (2019, background): “y behind the black hole horizon, in the same way that the entanglement between two CFTs in the thermoeld double state gives rise to a smooth wormhole geometry connecting the two black hole exteriors [13].1 In this picture, the behind-the-horizon degrees of freedom are the radiation degrees of freedo”
- Entanglement is not enough (2014, background): “Einstein-Rosen bridge that connects the entangled pair is an example of the ER=EPR principle [3]:”
- The Holographic Nature of Null Infinity (2020, background): “This resolution is, of course, not new and the same as the resolution suggested by the ideas of black hole complementarity [44, 45, 46] and ER=EPR [47].”